Hopkinton, Massachusetts

About Hopkinton, Massachusetts

Hopkinton is a flourishing town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, located in the heart of MetroWest, approximately 28 miles southwest of Boston. With a population of 19,358 and a median household income of $222,801, Hopkinton stands out as an affluent suburb that blends suburban comfort with exceptional schools and strong community values. The town offers residents a rare combination of small-town character and proximity to major employment centers, making it an ideal destination for families, professionals, and retirees seeking quality of life and economic opportunity.

The town gained international recognition as the starting point of the Boston Marathon since 1924, a distinction that reflects Hopkinton's commitment to community spirit and healthy living. Residents enjoy access to beautiful natural areas including Whitehall State Park with its serene reservoir for boating and kayaking, multiple trails, and recreational spaces. Downtown Hopkinton provides authentic New England charm with local restaurants, shops, and civic institutions centered around the historic common, while maintaining a peaceful, safe environment that residents take pride in preserving.

Hopkinton's strategic location within MetroWest positions residents for success in one of Massachusetts' most dynamic economic regions. The "Arc of Innovation" encompasses major employers, tech companies, and research facilities, offering abundant career opportunities without requiring relocation to Boston. With top-rated schools, a strong housing market, and a committed civic culture, Hopkinton serves as a premier destination for those seeking to invest in a community where property values remain stable, educational excellence is guaranteed, and family life flourishes.

Hopkinton Housing Market Overview

The Hopkinton real estate market remains highly competitive and seller-favorable, reflecting strong demand for homes in this premier MetroWest community. Current market conditions offer excellent opportunities for sellers while presenting strategic timing considerations for buyers.

Neighborhoods in Hopkinton

Hopkinton's neighborhoods offer distinct character while maintaining the town's commitment to quality homes, strong schools, and community pride. From historic downtown areas to family-friendly subdivisions and peaceful woodland retreats, each neighborhood appeals to different lifestyle preferences.

Property Types in Hopkinton

Hopkinton's real estate market offers diverse housing options for different buyer profiles and life stages. Each property type brings distinct advantages in this competitive market.

🏡 Single-Family Homes

Dominating Hopkinton's market, single-family homes range from modest Colonial-style residences at $400,000-$800,000 to sprawling luxury estates exceeding $1 million. Properties feature traditional architectural styles, pleasant tree-lined streets, and many are located in family-friendly subdivisions. High-end homes include minimum four bedrooms, four bathrooms, and over 4,000 square feet on lush grounds.

🏢 Townhouses & Townhomes

Multi-family townhouse communities provide excellent options for first-time buyers and those seeking low-maintenance living. The Preserve at Hopkinton represents a quality townhome option with modern amenities in a wooded, landscaped setting near parks and shopping.

🏢 Condominiums

Hopkinton offers a modest but attractive selection of condominiums, mostly built in late 20th or early 21st century with modern appliances and flooring. These units appeal to downsizers and those seeking community amenities at accessible price points.

🌴 Active Adult Communities

The Trails, a luxury 55+ community, offers single-family homes and condominiums designed for active adults. This community provides amenities and social opportunities for retirees and empty nesters seeking vibrant community living.

Hopkinton Schools: Massachusetts' #1 School District

Hopkinton Public Schools earned the top ranking among Massachusetts school districts in 2024, setting the gold standard for educational excellence. The district consistently delivers academic achievement and student outcomes that exceed state and national benchmarks.

🎓 Hopkinton High School

Ranked #6 best public high school in Massachusetts and #224 nationally, Hopkinton High School serves grades 9-12 with 1,336 students and a 14:1 student-to-teacher ratio. The school maintains a 99% graduation rate, with four-year graduation rates consistently between 98.6% and 99.7%. MCAS proficiency rates exceed state averages: 88% proficient in math, 91% in reading. The school offers rigorous academics, advanced placement opportunities, and strong college preparation.

🎒 Middle and Elementary Schools

The district's elementary and middle schools maintain similar excellence standards, ensuring continuity of quality education from kindergarten through twelfth grade. Strong emphasis on STEM, arts, and enrichment programs prepares students for high school success.

🎓 Why Choose Hopkinton Schools

Hopkinton's schools attract families specifically seeking top-tier education. District resources support student achievement, college placement, and career readiness. Properties in Hopkinton command premium prices partly due to school excellence, making them sound long-term investments.

Lifestyle & Recreation

Hopkinton offers residents abundant opportunities for outdoor activity, wellness, and community engagement. The town's commitment to parks, trails, and recreational facilities supports an active lifestyle.

🌴 Boston Marathon Heritage

Hopkinton hosts the starting line of the Boston Marathon, held annually in April since 1924. The marathon brings international attention to the town, celebrates community spirit, and attracts visitors from worldwide. This heritage defines Hopkinton's identity and creates annual community traditions.

🌴 Whitehall State Park & Whitehall Reservoir

A centerpiece of Hopkinton recreation, Whitehall State Park features Whitehall Reservoir offering boating, kayaking, paddleboarding, and fishing. A scenic trail loops the reservoir perimeter, providing accessible hiking with serene water views. The area bridges natural beauty with proximity to major urban centers.

🌴 Hopkinton State Park

Multiple parks and recreational areas provide walking trails, picnic facilities, and natural spaces. State Park offers outdoor enthusiasts quick access to nature without leaving town.

🌴 Community Events & Wellness

Downtown Hopkinton hosts seasonal events, farmers markets, and community gatherings. Residents embrace health-conscious living supported by town trails, parks, and active community culture.

Dining & Entertainment

Downtown Hopkinton features authentic New England restaurants and local establishments reflecting the town's character and culinary diversity.

🍽️ Notable Restaurants

Hopkinton's restaurant scene encompasses approximately 26 establishments offering diverse cuisines and price points, from casual to upscale fine dining.

Commute & Transportation

Hopkinton's location in MetroWest provides strategic access to Boston employment centers while maintaining small-town tranquility. Multiple transportation options serve commuters and residents.

🚗 Distance & Drive Times

Hopkinton sits approximately 28 miles southwest of Boston. Standard commute times run 43 minutes in light traffic, extending to 40-70+ minutes during peak hours. I-495 and Route 135 provide primary highway access.

🚗 Commuter Rail Options

The Framingham/Worcester Line (MBTA commuter rail) serves the broader area through nearby stations in Framingham, Southborough, Westborough, and Ashland. These stations provide regional rail connectivity for Boston commuters.

🚗 MetroWest Employment Hub

Hopkinton residents benefit from extensive local job opportunities within MetroWest, the "Arc of Innovation." The region hosts major technology, engineering, consulting, and research companies, reducing commute necessity for many professionals. Career advancement opportunities abound without requiring Boston relocation.

🚀 Tech & Career Opportunities

MetroWest attracts highly skilled information technology, engineering, consulting, and research professionals. Competitive salaries and career advancement opportunities position the region as an economic engine for Massachusetts.

Property Taxes & Assessments

Hopkinton's property tax rate reflects its affluent community status and commitment to superior public services, schools, and infrastructure. Understanding the tax structure supports informed real estate investment decisions.

🏛️ Tax Rates

Hopkinton's median effective property tax rate is1.58%, higher than the national median of 1.02% but reasonable for a Massachusetts community with top-rated schools. The median annual property tax bill reaches $10,741, reflecting higher property values typical of the town.

💵 Assessment Process

The Town of Hopkinton's Assessor's Office determines property values based on market comparables and assessment methodology. Homeowners receive regular assessments and have appeal rights through established town procedures.

💵 Tax Support for Community Quality

Property taxes fund Hopkinton's exceptional schools, parks, recreation programs, public safety, and infrastructure. The relationship between taxes and services provides homeowners substantial value, supporting property appreciation.

Flood Zones & Climate Considerations

Hopkinton residents should understand flood risk and climate considerations affecting insurance, development, and long-term property planning. Massachusetts faces increasing precipitation and flooding patterns requiring careful assessment.

🌊 FEMA Flood Zones

Flood zone designation affects property insurance requirements and costs. Homeowners with government-backed mortgages in high-risk flood zones must purchase flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program. Moderate and low-risk properties face lower requirements but still face flood exposure.

🌊 Climate & Weather

Massachusetts experiences four distinct seasons with cold winters, moderate springs, warm summers, and colorful autumns. Hopkinton's elevation and geographic position create mild microclimates compared to coastal areas. Climate change projections indicate increased precipitation intensity, requiring infrastructure planning and property protection measures.

📋 Flood Insurance Considerations

Most homeowners insurance excludes flood damage. The National Flood Insurance Program provides coverage where private insurance declines. Homeowners should obtain FEMA flood maps for their property address and discuss flood risk with insurance professionals. Even low-risk properties benefit from flood insurance given climate change patterns and precipitation increases.

🌊 Property Protection

Strategic landscaping, drainage systems, and property positioning reduce flood risk. Professional assessment of individual properties identifies specific mitigation strategies protecting long-term investment value.

Real Estate Investment Potential

Hopkinton's fundamentals support strong real estate investment returns. Top schools, low poverty rates, high household income, and limited inventory create conditions for sustained property appreciation.

💰 Market Strength Indicators

With 68.4% of homes selling above asking price and 68% selling within 30 days, Hopkinton demonstrates exceptional market demand. The town's population growth of 3% since 2020 outpaced most Massachusetts communities, indicating demographic tailwinds. Low poverty rate (2.5%) and high household income ($222,801 median) signal economic stability.

💰 School District Impact

Hopkinton's #1 state ranking for school districts commands premium property valuations. Families competing for spots in top-rated schools bid aggressively, supporting price appreciation. The school district effect persists across decades, making school quality a long-term investment advantage.

💰 Limited Housing Inventory

Restricted housing supply relative to demand maintains appreciation pressure. Average home values reached $877,055 with monthly changes indicating upward momentum. Limited new construction and established community character prevent oversupply issues.

💰 MetroWest Economic Position

As part of the "Arc of Innovation," Hopkinton benefits from regional economic growth, job creation, and wage increases. Technology and research employers in the broader region support strong real estate demand from knowledge workers.

First-Time Buyers in Hopkinton

First-time homebuyers entering Hopkinton's market benefit from professional guidance given competitive conditions, higher price points, and diverse property options. Strategic planning and pre-approval strengthen buyers' positions.

🏘️ Entry-Level Property Options

Hopkinton's townhouse and condominium market provides accessible entry points for first-time buyers, with properties often ranging from $400,000-$600,000. These low-maintenance options offer modern amenities and community features without single-family home costs.

🏘️ Mortgage Strategies for First-Time Buyers

Multiple mortgage programs support first-time homebuyers including FHA loans, down payment assistance programs, and favorable conventional financing. Ryan & Megan Winslow, federally licensed across all 50 states, provides expert guidance on programs matching individual financial situations. Ryan and Megan Winslow bring extensive mortgage expertise to first-time buyer consultations.

📊 Market Navigation

Hopkinton's competitive market rewards prepared buyers. Pre-approval, clear financing, and professional representation strengthen offer position. Working with experienced agents familiar with local inventory helps first-time buyers find appropriate properties and navigate multiple-offer situations.

🏘️ Long-Term Appreciation

Despite higher entry prices, Hopkinton properties appreciate steadily due to school district strength, limited inventory, and economic fundamentals. First-time buyers build equity in an appreciating market.

Relocating to Hopkinton

Corporate relocations, job transfers, and lifestyle moves to Hopkinton require strategic planning and local expertise. Winslow Homes supports smooth transitions for relocating families and professionals.

🏘️ Relocation Packages & Support

Many companies provide relocation packages covering moving costs, home sale assistance, and purchase support. Understanding package terms ensures maximum benefit. Temporary housing, school transitions, and community integration receive comprehensive attention.

🏘️ Community Integration

Hopkinton's strong civic culture welcomes newcomers. Town events, schools, religious institutions, and recreational programs provide community connection points. Residents develop social networks and community roots.

🎓 Schools & Families

Families relocating specifically for Hopkinton's schools benefit from seamless integration into top-rated district. School choice and academic reputation attract relocating families competing for quality education.

🏘️ Employment Transitions

MetroWest employment opportunities support career advancement without Boston relocation. Many employers offer flexible arrangements, supporting work-life balance objectives motivating relocation to Hopkinton.

Seasonal Market Patterns

Hopkinton's real estate market follows seasonal patterns affecting listing activity, buyer behavior, and market conditions. Understanding seasonality supports strategic buying and selling decisions.

📊 Spring Market (March-May)

Spring represents peak listing season as families prepare for summer moves and school transitions. Inventory peaks, creating buyer options but increasing competition. Properties show well during this season with blooming landscapes and longer daylight.

📊 Summer Market (June-August)

Summer maintains strong activity as families prioritize moves before school starts. However, serious buyers decrease as vacation priorities shift focus. Properties continue marketing effectively with pleasant weather and outdoor appeal.

📊 Fall Market (September-November)

Autumn brings inventory reductions as summer listings expire. Remaining properties attract motivated buyers seeking to close before year-end. End-of-year and new year moves occur less frequently.

📊 Winter Market (December-February)

Winter typically shows reduced activity, though committed buyers return facing less competition. Properties require strategic presentation given darker conditions. End-of-year and new year moves occur less frequently.

HOA, CDD & Community Assessment Considerations

Several Hopkinton properties operate within planned communities with homeowners associations or community development districts. Understanding community governance and assessment obligations supports informed purchasing.

🌴 Planned Communities

The Preserve at Hopkinton, Highland Park, Legacy Farms, and similar subdivisions operate under HOA structures managing common areas, landscaping, and community amenities. HOA fees fund maintenance, often ranging from $150-$400 monthly depending on community.

🌴 Covenants & Restrictions

Planned communities implement design guidelines and use restrictions protecting property values and community character. Homeowners should review covenants thoroughly understanding architectural standards and use limitations.

🌴 Community Amenities

Many communities provide landscaped common areas, recreational facilities, or pools. HOA governance ensures consistent maintenance and aesthetic standards across neighborhoods.

🌴 Due Diligence

Buyers should request complete HOA documents including budgets, reserve studies, and meeting minutes. Understanding financial health and planned assessments prevents surprises after purchase.

Homeowners Insurance & Costs

Hopkinton homeowners insurance costs reflect property values, construction standards, and regional risk factors. Understanding insurance implications supports accurate property cost analysis.

📋 Insurance Rate Factors

Higher property values in Hopkinton result in higher insurance premiums. Home age, construction type, security systems, and local loss history affect rates. Most Hopkinton homes, built in Colonial or contemporary styles, qualify for standard rates without premium adjustments.

🛒 Coverage Considerations

Massachusetts homeowners should ensure adequate coverage for replacement value, accounting for current construction costs exceeding historical purchase prices. Inventory home improvements requiring coverage updates. Flood insurance requires separate evaluation given climate patterns.

🛍️ Comparison Shopping

Insurance costs vary significantly between carriers. Soliciting quotes from multiple providers identifies optimal coverage and pricing. Many carriers offer multi-policy discounts combining home and auto coverage.

🛒 Annual Review

Annual insurance reviews ensure adequate coverage as home values appreciate. Updating coverage protects against underinsurance and supports lender requirements for mortgaged properties.

Utilities & Infrastructure

Hopkinton provides reliable utility services with rates comparable to regional standards. Understanding utility structures supports accurate property cost estimation.

🏘️ Electricity Rates

The average residential electricity rate in Hopkinton is 33 cents per kilowatt-hour, approximately 2% lower than Massachusetts average (33.61 cents/kWh). Hopkinton Power Choice, a community choice aggregation program launched in September 2025, provides stable electricity pricing through September 2027. Options include standard programs with 15% renewable energy at 14.590 cents/kWh, 100% renewable at 16.840 cents/kWh, or minimum renewable content at 13.970 cents/kWh. Fixed pricing prevents rate fluctuations during program period.

🚤 Water & Sewer Services

The Hopkinton Water and Sewer Department provides municipal water and sewer services. Current rates (FY 2025) charge minimum $52.18 for 0-1,000 cubic feet, $6.37 per 100 cubic feet for 1,001-8,000 cubic feet, and $13.22 per 100 cubic feet exceeding 8,000 cubic feet. Sewer rates range $10.62-$12.60 per 100 cubic feet depending on usage. Certain residential customers receive discounts up to $200 annually. Rate increase of 40% took effect July 2024, reflecting infrastructure investment.

🏘️ Gas Service

Natural gas service availability and rates vary by neighborhood. Residents should verify gas availability and provider for specific properties during due diligence.

Healthcare & Medical Facilities

Hopkinton residents access comprehensive medical services through nearby hospitals and healthcare systems. Multiple facilities provide emergency, specialist, and routine care within reasonable distances.

🏥 Lifespan Healthcare System

Lifespan, a major healthcare system, expanded Massachusetts presence acquiring Saint Anne's and Morton Hospitals with 3,500+ employees and 300,000+ annual patient visits. This expansion strengthens regional healthcare infrastructure and options for Hopkinton residents.

🏘️ Specialist & Preventive Care

MetroWest area hosts numerous specialty practices, diagnostic centers, and preventive care facilities. Residents access cardiology, orthopedics, oncology, and other specialties without Boston travel.

Employment & Job Market

Hopkinton benefits from MetroWest's economic strength and diversity, providing abundant employment opportunities and career advancement across multiple sectors.

🚀 Technology & Innovation Sector

MetroWest's "Arc of Innovation" encompasses technology, engineering, consulting, and research companies. This concentration attracts highly skilled professionals with competitive salaries and advancement prospects. Many residents work locally, reducing or eliminating commutes despite proximity to Boston.

💼 Available Positions

Approximately 90,000+ jobs exist in Hopkinton area across technology, healthcare, retail, education, and services. Full-time positions dominate job market, with competitive compensation packages and benefits.

💼 Career Development

MetroWest employers invest in employee development, offering training, certification support, and advancement pathways. Professional growth opportunities attract and retain skilled workers.

Transportation & Infrastructure

Hopkinton's transportation infrastructure supports resident mobility and community connectivity through multiple modes and modern systems.

🚗 Highway Access

Interstate 495 provides primary highway corridor connecting Hopkinton to Boston, Providence, New Hampshire, and beyond. Route 135 (Main Street) traverses town connecting to Route 85 (Cedar Street). These highways facilitate commuting, business travel, and regional access.

🚗 Public Transportation

The MBTA Framingham/Worcester Commuter Rail Line serves nearby stations in Framingham, Southborough, Westborough, and Ashland, connecting to Boston rail services. Regional bus service complements rail options through MWRTA and other regional providers.

🚗 Road Infrastructure

Local roads maintain good condition with town investments in infrastructure. Main Street downtown area includes traffic patterns supporting local businesses and foot traffic. Residential streets provide safe neighborhood access.

🚗 Pedestrian & Bicycle Infrastructure

Downtown Hopkinton supports walking and provides community connectivity. Trails at Whitehall State Park and Hopkinton State Park create recreational and alternative transportation infrastructure.

Climate & Weather Patterns

Hopkinton experiences classic New England weather with four distinct seasons. Understanding seasonal patterns supports property decisions and lifestyle planning.

🏘️ Winter (December-February)

Cold winters bring snow and freezing temperatures. Residents expect 40-60 inches annual snowfall requiring snow removal, heating systems, and winter preparations. Properties should include adequate heating and winterization.

🏘️ Spring (March-May)

Spring transitions bring warming temperatures, rain, and flowering landscapes. Hopkinton's natural areas display seasonal beauty. Allergy season affects some residents. Spring represents ideal season for outdoor activities and property viewing.

🏘️ Summer (June-August)

Warm, pleasant summers with moderate humidity support outdoor activities, farmers markets, and community events. June typically hosts the Boston Marathon (held first Monday). Summer temperatures typically reach 75-85 degrees Fahrenheit.

🏘️ Fall (September-November)

Autumn transforms Hopkinton with foliage color displays, moderate temperatures, and lower humidity. Comfortable weather encourages outdoor recreation. Fall represents a secondary peak season for property activity and outdoor activities.

Hopkinton History & Heritage

Hopkinton's rich history spans centuries, reflecting New England settlement patterns, American development, and regional significance. Understanding this heritage adds dimension to community understanding.

🏘️ Colonial Roots

Hopkinton was settled in the 1600s as part of broader Massachusetts colonial expansion. The town's central location and water resources supported agricultural and manufacturing development. Historic homes throughout town reflect Colonial and 19th-century architecture.

🏘️ Boston Marathon Connection

In 1924, Boston Marathon organizers moved the starting line from Ashland to Hopkinton to extend course distance to the official 26.2-mile marathon distance. This decision, now over a century old, defined Hopkinton's international identity and created annual celebration of sport and community.

🏘️ Industrial Era

19th-century manufacturing, mills, and textile operations powered regional growth before decline. Modern Hopkinton transformed from manufacturing focus to residential suburb and professional community.

🏘️ Modern Development

Post-World War II suburban development brought residential neighborhoods, shopping, and municipal infrastructure. Recent decades saw property value appreciation and demographic transformation toward affluent, highly educated population.

Why Choose Winslow Homes for Hopkinton Real Estate

Winslow Homes represents full-service real estate expertise combined with federally licensed mortgage services. Our integrated approach simplifies the home buying and selling process while maximizing financial outcomes.

🏠 Real Estate Expertise

Our brokerage operates across Massachusetts and Connecticut with specialization in MetroWest and premier communities like Hopkinton. Market knowledge, professional networks, and transaction expertise ensure optimal results for sellers and buyers.

🏘️ Mortgage Solutions through Ryan & Megan Winslow

Ryan & Megan Winslow brings federal licensing and nationwide operations to your financing. Multiple loan programs, competitive rates, and personalized service streamline mortgage approval and closing. Pre-approval strengthens your buying position in competitive markets.

🏘️ Owner Expertise & Local Presence

Ryan and Megan Winslow combine real estate and mortgage expertise as licensed professionals serving clients across Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. Their direct involvement in client relationships ensures priority attention and commitment to your success.

🏘️ Integrated Service Model

Coordinating real estate and mortgage services through one company simplifies communication, accelerates timelines, and reduces friction points. Your real estate agent and mortgage professional work seamlessly together supporting your goals.

Financing Your Hopkinton Home with Ryan & Megan Winslow

Ryan & Megan Winslow, federally licensed NMLS #2426605 across all 50 states, provides comprehensive financing solutions for Hopkinton buyers. Multiple loan programs, competitive rates, and expert guidance support your home purchase goals.

🏦 Loan Programs & Options

offers conventional loans, FHA programs, VA financing, USDA options, and jumbo mortgages. Flexible terms, competitive rates, and down payment assistance programs accommodate various buyer profiles. First-time buyer programs feature education, support, and favorable terms for new homeowners.

🏦 Expert Mortgage Professionals

Ryan Winslow (NMLS #2426605) and Megan Winslow (NMLS #2692933) bring years of mortgage expertise, understanding financing strategies optimizing your financial position. Expert guidance navigates loan selection, rate environments, and underwriting processes.

🏦 Streamlined Application & Processing

streamlines mortgage processes through digital applications, rapid underwriting, and proactive communication. Online tools track application progress. Competitive closing timelines support your home acquisition schedule.

🏠 Mortgage & Real Estate Coordination

Coordinating mortgage approval with real estate transaction ensures smooth closing. Experienced professionals communicate seamlessly, reducing stress and complications. Your loan approval timeline aligns with offer contingencies and closing schedule.

🏦 Apply Now for Pre-Approval

Begin your financing journey atwww.winslowloan.com. Online application, quick decisions, and expert consultation accelerate your home buying readiness. Pre-approval strengthens your competitive position in Hopkinton's seller's market.

About Winslow Homes LLC

Winslow Homes LLC is a full-service real estate brokerage licensed in Florida, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. Ryan and Megan Winslow combine experience with commitment to client success and market expertise.

🏘️ Brokerage Services

Buyer representation guides clients through property selection, negotiation, and closing. Seller marketing strategies position properties competitively. Investment advisory services assist buyers seeking income-producing properties. Relocation assistance helps families moving to new communities.

📊 Market Expertise

The Winslow Homes team brings specialized knowledge of Hopkinton neighborhoods, property values, market trends, and investment opportunities. Regular market analysis keeps agents informed on current conditions.

📞 Contact Information

Winslow Homes LLC
Email: Broker@WinslowHomesLLC.com
Phone: 386-690-5858

MLS Disclaimer & Legal Information

All real estate information provided by Winslow Homes LLC is derived from the Multiple Listing Service (MLS) and public sources. Information is deemed accurate but not guaranteed. Buyers should verify all information independently before making purchase decisions.

This website and all information provided does not constitute legal, financial, or tax advice. Buyers should consult qualified professionals including real estate attorneys, tax advisors, and financial planners before making property decisions.

Equal Housing Opportunity: Winslow Homes LLC operates under fair housing principles. Discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, national origin, sexual orientation, or gender identity is prohibited.